isingeniso: Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nokunxibelelana, ucingo kunye nekhebula zibalulekile ukufunda nokuqonda izinto ezisisiseko zocingo kunye nentambo.Eli nqaku liza kuqala kumbono osisiseko weengcingo, umahluko phakathi kweengcingo kunye neentambo kunye nentshayelelo emfutshane kwisakhiwo, iimfuno zeengcingo zobhedu, i-sheath yokugquma kunye nebhatyi, inkcazo yombala weengcingo, ukuhlelwa kweengcingo, intsingiselo yocingo. ukuprintwa kwiingcingo, igeyiji yocingo kunye nokulayisha okuhambelanayo Dlulela kwizinto ezisisiseko zocingo kunye nentambo ngokwemigaqo yokuhamba, ukuhlolwa, uvavanyo kunye nemigangatho.
1. Ingcamango esisiseko yeengcingo: Iingcingo zi-conductor ezisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa umbane kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngezinto zetsimbi ezifana nobhedu okanye i-aluminium.Ngokuqhelekileyo iqulethe i-conductor yeziko, isongelwe kwi-insulation ukumisa ukuvuza kwangoku kunye nokudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo nezinye izinto.I-sheath yangaphandle isetyenziselwa ukukhusela umaleko wokugquma kumonakalo wangaphandle womzimba kunye neekhemikhali.
Intshayelelo eneenkcukacha: I-conductor esembindini yocingo ingaba yi-conductor eqinileyo (njengocingo oluluqilima lobhedu) okanye i-conductor e-stranded (njengocingo oluboshiweyo lobhedu).Ii-conductor eziqinileyo zifanelekile kwiisekethe ze-low-frequency kunye nokuhanjiswa komgama omfutshane, ngelixa abaqhubi be-stranded bafanelekile kwiisekethe eziphezulu ze-frequency kunye nokuhanjiswa komgama omde.Izinto eziphathekayo ze-insulating layer zingakhethwa ngokweemfuno ezithile, ezifana ne-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), i-polyethylene (PE) okanye i-polyethylene edibeneyo (XLPE).
2. Umahluko kunye nokwakhiwa kweengcingo kunye neentambo:
2.1 I-Distinction: Ucingo ludla ngokuba yi-single core kunye ne-conductor yeziko enye kunye ne-insulation.Intambo yenziwe ngeengcingo ezininzi ezingundoqo, intambo nganye engundoqo inomaleko wayo wokugquma, kunye ne-insulation layer kunye nesheath yangaphandle.
Intshayelelo eneenkcukacha: Iintambo zombini zisebenza kwaye zinzima kwaye zifanelekile ukuhanjiswa kwe-multi-core kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla omgama omde.Ubume bekhebula akubandakanyi kuphela umqhubi weziko kunye ne-insulation layer, kodwa kunye ne-filler, i-shielding layer, i-insulation sheath kunye ne-sheath yangaphandle.Izihluzi zisetyenziselwa ukugcina isithuba esizinzile phakathi kweengcingo eziphambili.Uluhlu olukhuselayo lusetyenziselwa ukwahlula ukuphazamiseka phakathi kweengcingo eziphambili.I-sheath yokugquma isetyenziselwa ukukhusela umaleko wokugquma ngokubanzi, ngelixa i-sheath yangaphandle isetyenziselwa ukukhusela umaleko wokugquma kumonakalo wangaphandle womzimba kunye neekhemikhali.
3. Iimfuno zocingo lobhedu: Njengesixhobo somqhubi esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, ucingo lobhedu lufuna ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu.Ukongeza kwi-conductivity yombane, ucingo lobhedu kufuneka lube ne-conductivity elungileyo ye-thermal, amandla okuqina kunye nokumelana nokubola.
Intshayelelo eneenkcukacha: Njengesixhobo somqhubi, ubhedu lunokumelana nombane ophantsi, ukuhanjiswa kombane okuphezulu kunye nokuhamba kakuhle kwe-thermal.Ucingo lobhedu olucocekileyo lunokubonelela nge-conductivity engcono.Ukongeza, ubhedu kufuneka lube namandla okwaneleyo kunye nokumelana nokugqwala ukuqinisekisa ubude obude kunye nokuthembeka kocingo.
4. I-insulation sheath kunye nejacket: I-insulating layer isetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukuvuza kwangoku kunye nokudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo nezinye izinto.Izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zokugquma i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), i-polyethylene (PE) kunye ne-polyethylene edibeneyo (XLPE).I-sheath yangaphandle isetyenziselwa ukukhusela i-insulating layer kumonakalo wangaphandle womzimba kunye neekhemikhali, kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziyi-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) okanye i-polyethylene (PE).
Intshayelelo eneenkcukacha: Umaleko wokugquma yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokugquma nokukhuselwa kweengcingo neentambo.Izinto ezahlukeneyo zokugquma zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zeemeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.I-polyvinyl chloride (i-PVC) yokugquma, umzekelo, inezixhobo ezilungileyo zombane kunye nokuchasana kweekhemikhali kwaye ifanelekile ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kumakhaya nakwizakhiwo zorhwebo.Umaleko we-polyethylene (PE) wokugquma unokumelana nokubanda okulungileyo kwaye usetyenziswa kakhulu kuthungelwano lwamandla angaphandle.I-polyethylene edibeneyo (i-XLPE) i-insulation layer inokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwaye ifanelekile ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kwiindawo eziphezulu zokushisa.
5. inkcazo yombala wocingo: Kwiingcingo kunye neentambo, iingcingo ezinemibala eyahlukeneyo zimela ukusetyenziswa okuhlukeneyo kunye namanqanaba ombane.Ngokomzekelo, kwi-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) umgangatho, iblue imele intambo engathathi hlangothi, i-yellow-green imele i-wire wire, kwaye ibomvu okanye i-brown imele ucingo lwesigaba.
Intshayelelo eneenkcukacha: Inkcazo yombala weengcingo ngokusisiseko iyahambelana kumazwe ngamazwe kwaye isetyenziselwa ukwahlula iisekethe ezahlukeneyo kunye nemisebenzi.Ngokomzekelo, i-blue blue ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa ucingo olungathathi hlangothi, indlela yokubuyisela ngoku.I-Yellow-green ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa ucingo oluphantsi, olusetyenziselwa ukuqhuba umbane ngokukhuselekileyo.Ibomvu okanye i-brown idla ngokusetyenziswa njengocingo lwesigaba, esinoxanduva lokuthwala umsinga.Amazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla inokuba nomahluko omncinci, ngoko kufuneka uqonde imigangatho kunye nemimiselo yendawo.
6. Ukuhlelwa kweentonga zeengcingo: Iingcingo zinokuhlelwa ngokweempawu zombane, izixhobo zokugquma, iipropati ezibuyiswa ngumlilo, njl. .
Intshayelelo eneenkcukacha: Ukuhlelwa kweengcingo kusekelwe kwiipropati ezahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zesicelo.Iintambo zombane ophantsi zifanelekile kwizakhiwo zasekhaya kunye nezorhwebo, kwaye ngokubanzi zimelana nombane ongaphantsi kwe-1000V.Iintambo zamandla ombane aphakathi naphezulu zifanelekile kwiintambo zothumelo, kwaye uluhlu lwamandla okumelana nombane ludla ngokuba phakathi kwe-1kV kunye ne-500kV.Iintambo ezikwaziyo ukumelana namadangatya zineempawu ezintle zokungatshi kwaye zithintela ukunwenwa komlilo.
7. intsingiselo yoshicilelo locingo: Ushicilelo elucingweni kukuchonga ulwazi oluthile lwengcingo, njengomvelisi, imodeli, iinkcukacha, inqanaba lombane, njl. njl. Olu lwazi lubalulekile kufakelo olufanelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa nokugcinwa kweentambo. .
Intshayelelo eneenkcukacha: Ukuprintwa kwingcingo luphawu olongezwa ngumenzi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa ukulandelela kunye nokuqinisekisa ulwazi oluthile lwengcingo.Ngokuprinta, abasebenzisi banokumisela umgangatho, ukucaciswa kunye nokusingqongileyo okusebenzayo kocingo.Ngokomzekelo, igama lomenzi kunye nolwazi loqhagamshelwano lunokunceda abasebenzisi ngenkonzo emva kokuthengisa kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa.
8. Igeyiji yocingo kunye ne-ampacity ehambelanayo: I-wire gauge ibhekiselele kwinkcazo kunye nobubanzi bocingo.Iingcingo zeenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthwala imithwalo kunye nokukwazi ukuthwala okuhambelanayo, ekufuneka kukhethwe ngokweemfuno ezithile.
Intshayelelo eneenkcukacha: Igeyiji yocingo idla ngokumelwa ngumgangatho, onje nge-AWG specication (i-American Wire Gauge), i-square millimeter (mm²) iinkcukacha.Iingcingo zeenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo zineendawo ezihlukeneyo ze-cross-sectional kunye ne-conductivity yombane, ngoko ke amandla okuthwala akhoyo ngoku ahambelanayo nawo aya kuhluka.Ngokomthwalo wangoku kunye nobude bocingo, i-wire gauge efanelekileyo inokukhethwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kocingo.
9. ukuhlolwa, ukuvavanywa, ukuchazwa okusemgangathweni: Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ucingo luhlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka, ucingo lufuna ukuhlolwa ngokungqongqo kunye novavanyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweentambo zocingo kufuneka zihambelane nemigangatho efanelekileyo yelizwe okanye yamazwe ngamazwe, njenge-IEC, i-GB kunye neminye imigangatho.
Intshayelelo eneenkcukacha: Ukulawulwa komgangatho wocingo kufuna ukuhlolwa kunye novavanyo.Umzekelo, imiba enje ngokumelana ne-conductor, amandla okugquma kombane, ukuqina kweeleya ze-insulating, kunye namandla okuqina ezinto eziqhubayo kufuneka zivavanywe.Ukongezelela, abavelisi kunye nabasebenzisi kufuneka bahambelane nemigangatho yelizwe okanye yamazwe ngamazwe, njenge-IEC, i-GB, njl., Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ucingo luhlangabezana neemfuno ezifanelekileyo zokhuseleko kunye neenkcukacha zobugcisa.
ekuqukumbeleni: Ulwazi olusisiseko lwentambo kunye nekhebula luyimfuneko ekusetyenzisweni ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwentambo kunye nentambo.Ngokuqonda iingcamango ezisisiseko zeengcingo, umahluko phakathi kweengcingo kunye neentambo, iimfuno zeengcingo zobhedu, i-insulation sheaths kunye neebhatyi, inkcazo yemibala yocingo, ukuqaliswa kokuhlelwa kweengcingo, intsingiselo yoshicilelo locingo, igeyiji yocingo kunye nokuthwala okuhambelanayo ngoku. umthamo kunye nokuhlolwa, Ngolwazi lokuvavanya kunye nemigangatho, sinokuqonda ngakumbi kwaye sisebenzise ucingo kunye nentambo.Ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku liya kuba luncedo kubafundi kwaye liphucule ulwazi lobuchwephesha bocingo kunye nentambo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-17-2023